通往「法西斯主義（Fascism）」的十個步驟

一九九三年諾貝爾（The Nobel Prize）文學獎得主托妮·莫里森（Toni Morrison）於一九九五年哈佛大學（Howard University）一個會議上發表了演說，她分享了「社會走向法西斯的十個步驟（Ten Steps to Fascism）」。一番發人深省的講話，引人深思。

「我想提醒在座各位，在到達終極解決方法（final solution）之前，必然有第一步、第二步、甚至第三步，然後到最後一步。從來沒有一蹴而就，事情總是一步、一步、一步地發生。

一   樹立假想敵；既可聚焦，亦能轉移視線。

Construct an internal enemy, as both focus and diversion.

二   縱容污衊詆毀、孤立和妖魔化敵人；令口誅筆伐，人身攻擊，變得合理。

Isolate and demonize that enemy by unleashing and protecting the utterance of overt and coded name-calling and verbal abuse. Employ ad hominem attacks as legitimate charges against that enemy.

三   招攬培植烏合之眾；讓他們從散播謠言，在仇恨的過程中得到利益、權力和成就。

Enlist and create sources and distributors of information who are willing to reinforce the demonizing process because it is profitable, because it grants power and because it works.

四   隔絕一切藝術表達形式；凡挑戰政權，抑或妨礙妖魔化敵人的一切人和事都要被監控、貶抑和驅逐。

Palisade all art forms; monitor, discredit or expel those that challenge or destabilize processes of demonization and deification.

五   顛覆和誹謗所有認同敵人和代表敵人的任何象徵。

Subvert and malign all representatives of and sympathizers with this constructed enemy.

六   從敵人陣營招攬內應，令肅清的過程更乾淨利落。

Solicit, from among the enemy, collaborators who agree with and can sanitize the dispossession process.

七   通過學院和大眾媒體，將敵人描繪病態化；例如借科研和傳說，不斷強調種族優劣，令病態論述更顯得自然。

Pathologize the enemy in scholarly and popular mediums; recycle, for example, scientific racism and the myths of racial superiority in order to naturalize the pathology.

八   將敵人變成罪犯；為囚禁敵人，尤其是敵陣的男性及年青人，作準備，存資源和合理化建造控制找理由。

Criminalize the enemy. Then prepare, budget for and rationalize the building of holding arenas for the enemy — especially its males and absolutely its children.

九   以丁點的快慰、誘惑、幾分鐘的片段、幾行句語、一點虚假的成就、權力和影響力的假象、少許樂趣、少許時髦和無關痛癢的後果，通過浮誇但空洞的娛樂，獎勵那些不加思索、無情的群眾。

Reward mindlessness and apathy with monumentalized entertainments and with little pleasures, tiny seductions, a few minutes on television, a few lines in the press, a little pseudo-success, the illusion of power and influence, a little fun, a little style, a little consequence.

十   不惜一切代價維持整肅。

Maintain, at all costs, silence.  」

誠然世人對「法西斯主義」退避三舍，敬而遠之。可惜人們又對以上描述的十個步驟，何其熟悉呢？君翻開報章，又或各大主流媒體不就是以這些似曾相識的手段去污衊、詆毀、孤立和妖魔化敵人嗎？在不斷散播謠言和仇恨的過程中，惡人得到所有利益、權力和成就，甚或逐漸步入掌控全球。

叮噹不知道世界距離這一個可怕的終極還有多遠，但不爭的事實正清楚說明惡勢力橫行當道，世界人民務必加倍小心，竭力明辯是非和黑白，免墜惡人的羅網和計謀。

God bless the world   上帝佑世界